Zithini izinto zokuhlelwa kwe-surfacapes?

Ngokohlobo lwee-ion eziveliswe yiqela le-hydrophilic, i-surficapes inokwahlulwa ibe ngamacandelo amane: i-ananic, i-cericic, i-lwittericiorinic kunye ne-leinic.

I-ananic suntFActives

① I-Soaps

Yityuwa ye-acid ephezulu yamanqatha, ngefomula ngokubanzi: (i-RCOO) NM. I-Acidty acid hydrocarbon r yeyona nto inzima yeekhaphethi ezili-11 ukuya kwezi-17, kunye ne-steric acid, i-oleic acid ixhaphakile. Ngokwezinto ezahlukeneyo ezifanekiweyo yi-M, inokwahlulwa ibe yi-alkali ye-alkali yensimbi, i-alkaline yomhlaba wensimbi kunye ne-odaine scoaps. Zonke zinezilo ezihle zokwazisa kunye nokukwazi ukusasaza ioyile. Kodwa zitshatyalalisiwe ngokulula. I-Alkali Metaphu inokuthi itshatyalaliswe yi-calcium kunye ne-magnesium, kunye nee-electrolyte zinokubangela ukuhambisa ngaphandle.

I-Alkali Metaps ye-SOAPS: o / W

I-Alkaline Sowshops zentsimbi: W / O

I-Organic Amine Soops: I-Triesthanolaminemine

② i-rulfsates ro-th3-m

Ikakhulu ioyile ye-oyile kunye namafutha aphezulu otywala obuphazamisekileyo. I-Hydrocarbon ye-Hydrocarbon r iphakathi kwe-12 ne-18 iikhabhoni. Ummeli weoyile ye-Sulffised yioli ye-Castor ye-Castor, eyaziwa njengeoli ebomvu yeTurkey. I-Advanced Addty Bulty Sulpates iquka i-Sodium dodecyl i-Sulfate (SDS, iSodium Lauryl i-Sodium) kunye neSodium Fatty Polyoxyyleet (AES). I-SDS ine-insulsation eyomeleleyo, izinzile, kwaye ixhathise kakhulu kwi-acid, i-calcium, kunye ne-magnesium. Kwikhemesti, inokuvelisa i-pucimity yeziyobisi eziphezulu zemolekyuli, inomsindo othile we-mucous membrane, kwaye isetyenziswa njenge-mulsifier yeoyile yangaphandle, kwaye isetyenziselwa ukumanzisa okanye isetyenziselwa amalungiselelo aqingqiweyo anjengeetafile. I-Sodium Fat Bulty Polyoxyyyylene I-Ether Sulfate (AES) inesakhono sokumelana namanzi anzima, inomsebenzi osebenzayo weoyile, kwaye uneziphumo ezithile ezihlekisayo.

③ Sulfonates R-TO3-M

Eli nqanaba libandakanya i-balific sulfovates, alkyl aryl sulfodates, kunye ne-alkyl naphthalene slil. Ukuzola kwabo amanzi kunye ne-acid kunye ne-calcium kunye nokungaxhathisi ityuwa ye-magnesium kubi kakhulu kune-sulfric, kodwa ayina lula i-acidic solutions. I-Aliigit Sulfonates ibandakanya: I-Sodium Sekondari Alkyl Sulfondate (SAS-60), iSodium Fid Etter etrfonate (i-sodium), iSodium Diacyl Scid), njl. ukuphuculwa kwe-absen kwiindlela ezingezizo zomlomo; I-Sodium Dodecylblebnzene Sulfonate ye-alkyl Aryl Sulfonates sisicoci elisetyenziswa ngokubanzi. I-cholelithium ityiwa njengeSodium Glycocholate kunye ne-sodium taurocholate zihlala zisetyenziswa njengabasebenzi be-foubizelycercercercercercelyceries kunye ne-enulsifuers zamafutha kwi-gustrointenal phetct.

I-cusiyaric surfacants

I-surfacapes enezityholo ezifanelekileyo ibizwa ngokuba yi-cusic surfacints. I-cation, ekwabizwa ngokuba yisepha elungileyo, idlala indima engundoqo. Eyona nxalenye iphambili yesakhiwo sayo se-moleky ye-pintavallant ye-pentavallant, engu-Ammonium ye-Hinalkonium Chloride (i-BylonHonium Bromide), i-Benzalkonium ye-bimide (i-Benzalkonium), i-Benzalkonine ye-birfaxine, kwaye ihleli kuyo i-acidic kunye Isisombululo seAlkaline. Ngenxa yempembelelo yayo eyomeleleyo ye-bactericidal, isetyenziselwa i-disticidaid ye-festicidaid, i-mucous membranes, izixhobo zotyando, njl. Ezinye iintlobo, ezinjenge-Benzalkonium chlonger kwizisombululo ze-Ophthalmic.

I-Amphoryc surfacients

Olu hlobo lohlobo lwe-surfacnt lunamaqela afanelekileyo kunye namaqela awongabi kunye nangokungalunganga kwisakhiwo sayo semolekyuli, kwaye unokubonakalisa iipropathi zecusic okanye i-anaion surfacints kwimithombo yeendaba ngexabiso elahlukileyo.

① Lecithin

I-lecithin yi-suittion yendalo yendalo, ikakhulu isuselwa kwiimbotyi zesoya kunye ne-egg yolks. Ukuqulunqwa kweLecithin kunzima kakhulu kwaye ngumxube wemigangatho emininzi. Ngenxa yemithombo yayo eyahlukeneyo kunye neenkqubo zokulungiselela, izinto ezithile zecandelo ngalinye ziya kwahluka, kwaye ke ukusebenza kuya kwahluka. I-lecithin inovelwano kakhulu kubushushu, ngokulula i-hydroforned phantsi kwesenzo se-Acid, ialkalinity i-sliches efana ne-hloroform, kwaye i-interpoles, kwaye yeyona nto ibalulekileyo kwi-Eipic Essultives.

Uhlobo lwe-Onemino Acid kunye nohlobo lweBetaine

I-Amino Acid kunye ne-Baine i-Amputer Amphotetic surfriec, inkalo yakhe ikakhulu i-carboxlelate, kwaye isahlulo se-Amino Acid-), kunye ne-Amino Alid yeTeere, engu-Amino Amnery: Iimpawu zayo zezi: Kwisisombululo se-Alkaline Alkaline, inezindlu ze-anaion sunzo surfaments, kunye neziphumo ezilungileyo ze-fieaming kunye ne-tocontatnt; Kwisisombululo se-acidic, inepropathi ye-cusiya ye-cusiya ye-cusiya, enobuchule obuqinileyo, ubuchule obuqinileyo bebactericidal kunye netyhefu engaphantsi kune-cioric sundocation.

I-noinic surfaction

I-Fatity Acid Glycerides

Ikakhulu i-fatty monoglycercercercercercercercely kunye ne-fatty acid sgrescerides, njenge monosteate tlyceryl. I-infloble emanzini, i-hydrolyzed kwi-glycerol kunye namafutha acid, ayisebenzi kakhulu, ixabiso le-HLB le-3 ukuya kwi-4, isetyenziswa njenge-oulsifier encedisayo.

I-Sulroet Fatty Acid Ester

I-Sulroed Ester ye-Polylic Poidic Surfactant, yiklasi eyakhiwe yindlela eyasabela ngayo i-SUROSE kunye ne-acids, kubandakanya ubuntu, isikrhente, i-polyester. Ingathatyathwa kwi-Sinse kwaye inamafutha acid emzimbeni kwaye isetyenzisiwe. Ixabiso le-HLB liyi-5-13, lihlala lisetyenziswa njenge-O / w okomsusi kunye nokusasazeka, kwaye kukwayinto eqhelekileyo yokutya.

I-Sorbititan Fatty Acid

Ngumxube wemigqaliselo ye-EST efunyenwe yimpendulo yeSorbitan kunye ne-antihydride yayo ene-acidsty acids, kwaye igama layo lokurhweba liyindawo. Ngenxa ye-lipophility eyomeleleyo, idla ngokusetyenziswa njenge-w / o mulsifier, ngexabiso le-HLB ngo-1.8-3.8, kwaye uninzi lusetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-lotions kunye neoyile. Nangona kunjalo, indawo engama-20 kunye ne-40 ihlala isetyenziswa njenge-o / wulsifisheer ezixubeneyo ngokudibeneyo.

Ipolysorbate

Yi-Polyoxyylene Sorbitty Fatty Abid Ester. Kwindawo yokuhlala ye-Span, i-polyoxyyyyyyyyylene idityanisiwe ukuze ifumane i-ether, igama lokurhweba liphakathi. Olu hlobo lohlobo lwe-surfacnt luye lwandisa i-hydrophicicity enkulu ngenxa yongezwa kwe-hydrophilic polyoxyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyylene, i-suble-suble i-subflement. Ixabiso le-HLB yi-9.6-16.7, kwaye ihlala isetyenziswa njengesifo seSollizer kunye no-O / w mulsifier.

I-Polyoxyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyysene fatty acid ester

Yimveliso eveliswe yi-provelonce galyethylene glycol kunye ne-chain yexesha elide amafutha acid. Igama lokurhweba le-Myrij lelinye labo. Olu hlobo lunyibilikiswa ngamanzi kwaye lunepropathi eqinileyo engqongqo. Ihlala isetyenziswa njenge-o / w mulsifier kunye neSolbizer.

Polyooxyylene Famety Solty Ather

Ngumthendelezo oveliswe yi-prountences ye-prolythylene glycol kunye namafutha acid. Igama lokurhweba iBrij lelinye lazo. Ihlala isetyenziswa njenge-o / w mulsifier kunye neSolbizer.

Polyoxyyyyyyyyeenene-PolyoxyDoplene polymer

Yenziwa yipolization ye-polyoxyylene kunye nePolyoxypropylene, ekwabizwa ngokuba yiPoloxamer, kwaye igama lorhwebo alikokuthi.