Inkqubo yophuhliso kunye nolawulo lwe-surfacapes

Ukusetyenziswa kwasekuqaleni kwei-surfacapesinokulandelwa emva kumaxesha amandulo, njengesepha yeoyile yeoyile esetyenziswayo ngamaJiphutha amandulo xa ehlamba, kodwa kwakungekho thuba phakathi kwenkulungwane kangangokuba abantu baqala ukufundiswa, njl njl.

Ngo-1916, i-chemist yaseJamani uFritz Haber wafumana umxube we-ammonia kunye neemveliso zepetrochemical ezibizwa ngokuba "yi-A-Ager". Lo mxube unokusetyenziselwa ukwenza isepha kunye nezicoci, kodwa iqulethe iindlela eziphezulu zegesi kwaye iyingozi, ke ngaba abaphandi baqala ukukhangela ezinye iindlela ezikhuselekileyo nezisebenzayo.

Ngo-1927, iAmerical Chemist ye-Chinfield kunye neHaber isebenza ukuze ifumane entshasurfacntEsebenzisa iikhemikhali ze-ethoxdwad ukuba zithathe indawo yegesi enetyhefu, ekhuselekileyo kwaye isebenze ngakumbi. Esi sisiganeko esibalulekileyo kwi-surfacants, esikhuthaze ukusetyenziswa kwe-surfacants kwimimandla yemizi-mveliso nakwabathengi.

Emva kweminyaka yee-1920, uphando malunga nokucocwa okukuko lwenza impumelelo enkulu, kwaye abantu bafumanisa i-surfacants entsha, enjengeSodium Alkylbene Sulfondate, i-alkyl sulfondate, esebenzayo kakhulu kwaye isetyenziswa kakhulu.

Ngo-1960s, ngenxa yokwanda okuphakathi kokusingqongileyo, abantu baqalisa ukufunda kwaye bekhulisa i-surfackents enobuhlobo, njengeyona minyaka ingu-bicking, njl njl. ukuya kwinqanaba eliphezulu, ukusuka kungcoliseko kubuKhuseleko lweNdalo, kunye nokungatshatanga kwi-Pultimontial. Isalathiso sophuhliso se-surfacapes siya kuboniswa kule miba ilandelayo: ① Buyela kwindalo; ② Endaweni yokutshintsha iikhemikhali; ③ kwaye usebenzise ubushushu begumbi; Ingasetyenziswa kumanzi anzima ngaphandle kongeziweyo; ⑤ i-surfacants enobuhlobo bokuyinyanga ngokufanelekileyo ulwelo lwamanzi, amanzi amdaka, uthuli, njl njl.; ⑥ I-surfacapes enokuthi iphucule ngokufanelekileyo izinga lokusetyenziswa kwezimbiwa, i-pundeels, nemveliso; ⑦ ⑦ ⑧ I-surfacapes ilungiselelwe ngokusekwe kwi-bioengeined esebenzisa ishishini lemizi-mveliso; ⑨ Ukusebenza ngokukhululekileyo okusebenzisa itekhnoloji yokudibanisa ukuvelisa iziphumo zentsebenzo.